俄汉语称名单位的民族文化语义对比研究

作者:吴国华
论文题目：俄汉语称名单位的民族文化语义对比研究
作者简介：吴国华，男，1957年生，1993年从师于李锡胤教授，于1996年1月毕业于黑龙江大学俄语语言文学专业并获得文学博士学位。同时于1995年获俄罗斯语文学博士学位。

摘 要

本论文以俄汉语称名单位为研究材料，首次从符号学角度对词汇的民族文化语义的生成和发展进行系统描述，把俄语词汇放在汉文化背景上进行国情语义分析，系统揭示俄语词汇的民族文化语义类型和特点。研究证明，民族文化语义是相对的，受到所涉及的两种文化背景的制约。如果说非概念义素建立在一个民族普遍的文化背景知识基础上，那么民族文化义素则是以特定的文化背景为基础的。在第二级符号系统中，作为第一级符号系统中具有符号地位的东西充当能指，并通过“传统观念”起作用，产生新的所指，其主要作用手段是隐喻和换喻。两种语言中的对等词的民族文化语义是语言单位本身表达意义的一种“特殊延伸”。对比研究表明，词义的不对应性主要体现在词的理据、语义结构、组合和孕合关系等差异方面。一个词义的义素远远超出了词典中的释义，因此传统的义素分析很难完全适应对“民族文化义素”的分析。我们认为，把词义放到功能语义场去考察，有助于全面揭示词义的规律性，充分展示该语言的民族文化特点。论文的理论意义在于确立了民族文化语义的具体范畴和分析操作方法。研究结果可直接用于俄语词汇教学，结论对俄语教科书、参考书和工具书的编写有指导意义。　

　

Title of the Dr. Degree’s Thesis: Ethnocultural Comparative Semantic Studies in Russian-Chinese Nominative Units

Introduction of the Author: Wu Guohua, native of Jiangsu Province of P.R.C, was born on February 23, 1957. Graduated from Beijing Foreign Language Institute, ML degree in 1988. Promoted to the associate-professor in 1990. P.H.D. degree in October, 1995. 42 papers were published at home and aboard.

Key Words: Russian, Ethnocultural Semantics, Nomination

Abstract:

Taking Russian-Chinese nomenclative units as his study material, the author has made a ethno-linguistic analysis of Russian words on the background of Chinese culture, and for the first time, the author has given a systematic description of the formation and evolution of the ethnocultural semantic foundation from the semeiotic point of view,defined the ethnocultural semantic categories and operating rules. Also systematically were highlighted the ethnocultural semantic types and characters from the viewpoint of the comparative analysis of Russian and Chinese languages.

Research Achievements:

1.Wu Guohua: Comparative Studies of the Ethnocultural Connotation in Russian and Chinese Languages. – - In 《Linguistic and Oriental studies from Poznan》, No.1,1991
2.Wu Guohua: Language and Culture(&),Zhengzhou,1991
3.Wu Guohua: On the Ethnocultural Semantics — In 《Foreign Languages Research》,No.6,1993
4.Wu Guohua: Metaphorical Meanings and Ethnocultural Semantics, – - In《Literature.Languae.Culture》,Moscow,1994
5.Wu Guohua: Semantics — Ethnocultural Linguistics. — In 《 Joural of PLA foreign Languages University》,No.1,1994